The Use of Elephants in Leisure and its Negative Effects
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to both outline the negative effects of the use of elephants for human entertainment, and to criticize leisure pursuits such as zoos, circuses, ivory consumption, hunting and treks. Zoos provide little resources and living spaces to their captive elephants, leading to an array of diseases and disorders including impaired reproductive systems in females. Trophy hunting and ivory poaching diminish the already endangered elephant species for the sake of it, while circuses make use of harmful instruments to obtain elephants’ compliance. Tourism industries benefit from the power of elephants by offering elephant trekking experiences and causing stress to them. This paper takes a critical stance on the use of elephants for human entertainment as being unproductive and harmful by applying leisure-related theories from Veblen (1899) and Rojek (2010).
Downloads
Article Details
All articles published in Illuminare are open-access articles, published and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits reproduction, distribution, derives and commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited and authors and publisher is properly identified.
All authors who send their manuscripts to Illuminare and whose articles are published in Illuminare retain full copyright of their articles. Notwithstanding this, the author(s) grant Illuminare, its editors, publishers, owners and other persons associated with Illuminare and other users/readers, a license to use the article as described in the License Agreement section below. In future Illuminare may produce printed copies of articles in any form. Without prejudice to the terms of the license given below, we reserve the right to reproduce author's articles in this way.
BREIF SUMMARY OF THE LICENSE AGREEMENT
By submitting your research article(s) to Illuminare, you agree that:
- Anyone is free: to copy, distribute, and display the work; to make derivative works; to make commercial use of the work;
- Under the following conditions: Attribution the original author and publisher are clearly and fully given credit (but not in any way that suggests that author and publisher endorse the user or user's use of the work); for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are; any of these conditions can be waived if the copyright holder gives explicit permission.