Nationalism in National Geographic Magazine, 1888-1923
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The National Geographic Magazine was first published in October 1888. Its mission statements both at the time of inception and in present day reflect an effort to bring the world to American readers, as well as its aim to educate and inform readers about other countries, species, and cultures. However, during the magazine’s first three decades in print, the United States underwent major changes and was rapidly developing into one of the world’s most powerful nations. National Geographic heavily covered three specific events during this time period: the Spanish-American War, the colonization of Cuba and the Philippines, and the creation of the first national parks. This coverage presented readers with strong nationalist opinions that broadcast views of American superiority. In this analysis of those early articles, the magazine’s nationalist sentiments become evident through primary and secondary examples, and its original and current mission statements are brought into question. The National Geographic readers know today was once a very different publication due to its reflection of current events and a changing American attitude toward other countries.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Ownership of the copyright shall remain with the Author, subject to IUJUR’s use and the rights granted by the Creative Commons license assigned by the Author. A Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license will be applied to the published work unless otherwise indicated in the Student Author Contract. The CC BY-NC 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) lets others remix, tweak, and build upon the published Work non-commercially, and although the new works must also acknowledge the original IUJUR publication and be noncommercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Austin, O.P. (1900, January). Our new possessions and the interest they are exciting. The National Geographic Magazine, 11(1), 32.
Clatworthy, F.P. (1923, April). Western views in the land of the best. The National Geographic Magazine, 43(4), 1. Gannett, H. (1897, December). The annexation fever. The National Geographic Magazine, 8(12).
Grosvenor, G.H. (1905, April). A revelation of the Filipinos. The National Geographic Magazine, 16(4), 139-192.
Grosvenor, G.H. (1916, January). Resources of our own country. The National Geographic Magazine, 29(1), 327-431.
Hilder, F.F. (1900, December). Gold in the Philippines. The National Geographic Magazine, 11(12), 465-470. Hubbard, G. (1888, October). Introductory address. The National Geographic Magazine, 1(1).
Hyde, J. (1896, January). Introductory. The National Geographic Magazine, 7(1).
Hyde, J. (1898, May). Reception to Captain C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N. The National Geographic Magazine, 9(5), 251-252.
Hyde, J. (1899, June). The National Geographic Society. The National Geographic Magazine, 10.
Pauly, P.J. (1979). The world and all that is in it: the National Geographic Society, 1888-1918. American Quarterly, 31(4), 517-532. doi:10.2307/2712270
Potts, M.A. (2014). About the National Geographic Society. Retrieved from: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/about/
Schulten, S. (2000). The making of the National Geographic: Science, culture, and expansionism. American Studies, 41(1), 5-29. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40643115
Taft, W.H. (1907, July). Some recent instances of national altruism: the efforts of the United States to aid the peoples of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. The National Geographic Magazine, 18(7), 429-438.
U.S. Department of State (2014). Milestones, 1899-1913. Retrieved from: http://history.state.gov/milestones/1899-1913/war
Wilson, H.W. (1906, February). Isle of Pines. The National Geographic Magazine, 17(2), 105-108.
Worcester, D.C. (1913, November). The non-Christian peoples of the Philippine Islands. The National Geographic Magazine, 24(11), 1157.