README FILE for Ruth Clifford Engs: Database for the Development of the CODE “Feelings Checklist” scale in 1986-1988 This file created by: Dr. Ruth Clifford Engs during August-September 2021 Dept. Applied Health Science SPH Building Rm 116 1025 E. 7th St. Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-4801 engs@iu.edu http://alcohol.iu.edu Researchers: Ruth C. Engs, Applied Health Sciences, SPH, Indiana University, Bloomington, In David S. Anderson, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA I. Dataset history During 1986-1988, the CODE scale was developed to investigate the codependency, or “positive family background for a parent or grandparent who sometimes or often drank too much” status of student. When the scale is administered it is entitled the “Feelings Check List.” For the development of the CODE, 63 items common to “co-dependents” were used for initial evaluation based upon a literature search of characteristics of families with a history of problem drinking or alcoholism. Colleges were selected to represent the proportions of students attending four-year institutions of higher learning based on the "Yearbook of Higher Education" in terms of public or private (religiously affiliated as well as non-affiliated) ethnic mixtures, enrollments over and under 10,000, location in various community sizes (under 100,000, 100,500 thousand, over 500 thousand) and from all 50 states. The instrument was compiled and reliability was determined by administrating the questionnaire to students at four universities. After elimination of items due to non-significant differences between co- and non-co-dependents or items with reliability less than .3, eleven items remained. For these 11 items, a mean score was determined for each individual.Factor analysis revealed two factors which accounted for 59% of the variance. Since the reliability between both factors was .8, it was decided that one factor could be used for a total score. Data were collected from Indiana University and three additional colleges for questionnaire development and nationally for examining hypothese concerning drinking patterns of students and codependency status.This scale was designed in an effort to determine if codependency status could predict problem drinking and alcohol use disorder among university students. Demographic and alcohol related behaviors, knowledge and attitudes, health concerns, and lifestyle variables and all questionnaires developed by Engs are found in IUScholarworks: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17141 The manual for using this scale can be found at:http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17418 II. File List ./ READ ME codep data and research txt - this file which has information about these data sets: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26699 ./ BRIEF READ ME - how to read the variables ./ANDDAT - Data file contains the data from four colleges collected by Engs and was used for initial development of the questionnaire including factor analysis, regression, plot, reliability and other analysis. ./Corrupted file_ANDDAT - Corruption resulted from transferal off of the magnetic tape to unix computer in 2002. This file is included in this dataset as a safety mechanism against inadvertent loss of crucial data points, which yielded "ANDDAT." ./ADULTA - used for testing reliability such as test-tetest ./CODE88EH - is from the combined data collected by Engs and Hanson in 1987-88 from personal health and sociology classes respectively around the nation. The final 11 item version of the CODE was imbedded in SAQ_ HCQ _CODE87.PDF orange color paper questionnaire and is found on page 4 of the questionnaire. The last two pages with “Code name:___“ written in the top right hand corner and also found on the front page of this scanned copy was used for test-retest analysis in personal health classes at Indiana university. ./ENG87HAN - Combined Engs and Hanson Data collection for 1987-1988. ./oldtape_correspondence with IT - text of emails between Engs and George Turner of university IT who transferred data from tape to mainframe Unix computer 2002. Included for provenance. III. Data Entry Information from the Questionnaires was filled in with a pencil and was keyboarded on a “dumb terminal” by work study students directly into the IU mainframe CDC computer and stored on magnetic tape. These data were stored and analyzed on this mainframe, then stored on a Unix system named Steel, migrated to Unix system named Chrome and maintained by Indiana University's UITS. Data were then stored on Engs' office, personal computers, and the HPER (now SPH) cloud storage computers. Program: Mainframe computer SPSS programs were used for all of the data sets for calculations. IV: Questionnaires The original 63 items scales for developing the instrument ("CODE 63 items validity testing, version 1 and 2"), and the short final 11 item instrument ("CODE 11 items checklist final version 1987") are found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17248. Reliability and validity information is on this page and also in the "CODE MAnual". The the final 11 item CODE or "feelings check list is found in the "1987 “Student Alcohol Questionnaire and the CODE” instrument (SAQ_ HCQ _CODE87.PDF) which was also used for validating the revised Health Concern Questionnaire and other sclaes. This questionnaire is found at IUScholarWorks repository http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17206. In addition the Student Alcohol Questionnaire and the CODE used for further studies, SAQ_CODE87.pdf, is found on the same page During the 1987-88 academic year two types of questionnaires were sent out. One with an orange cover (SAQ_ HCQ_CODE87.PDF). It inlcuded the demographic, alcohol and knowledge quetion and the 11 item CODE scale. On page 5 and 6 the HCQ (Student Health Concern study), trait anxiety scale, and the CODE scale were printed. Work study students were directed in what card columns or spaces to put the data for each type of questionnaire and into separate databases. These directions are found at the bottom of this README file. V. Other Information Databases ENGAL87 were also used for the re-validation of the health concern questionnaire(HCQ). Since these databases were compared with the questionnairs still available in Engs' computer files and her collection in the IU archives, errors could have crept in. Some databased due to transferral from magnetic tape to mainframe servers to personal computers had strings of random characters such as ::..:h:...dd..:: which were removed by Ethan James Fridmanski, of the IUSW database consultant department in 2021. Corrupted files are included in this dataset as a safety mechanism against inadvertent loss of crucial data points. This process of cleaning up the corrupted files are in an email from Fridmanski to Engs dated July 28,2021 "Everything is going well with it, just need to run the script again and save the files. Just running into the same issues we talked about when we met. The remaining artifacts are largely just at the top of the files (which you said can just be removed, its just the title of the file and basic information, not the data itself) and then those few straggler characters that were part of the corruption but were outside of the colons. But when I look at my notes it seems like I found a solution by just doing another pass over the files to remove those non-numeric characters between the Xth and Last character--where X represents the non-numeric character that shows up on each line in the same spot (just can't remember the exact placement off the top of my head, but it is in your file descriptions)." The process of transfering data from magnetic tape to unix is in "oldtape_correspondence with IT." VI.Copyright and Licensing information Source data was created by Dr. Ruth Engs, engs@iu.edu. This data is licensed for reuse under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commericial 3.0 Unported license. For permission to use this data for purposes not covered by the terms of the above license, please contact Dr. Ruth Engs (engs@iu.edu) or the Indiana University Bloomington Archives. --------------------------------------- LIMITATIONS There are a number of possible issues with the files, as the tranferral of data from tape storage to UITS' storage to local storage could have introduced random errors into the files. --------------------------------------- FUNDING SOURCES & SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH This study was supported by the Indiana University Foundation, Bloomington, IN and IU School of Public Health (previously called HPER). VII: Legacy of this line of research: Since there was no correlation between a high co-dependency score and heavy drinking patterns among college students, this line of research was NOT continued after initial presentations and a publication. The results of this study were a factor in the decline of the “co-dependency movement” of the 1980s. VII: Publications and sources for further information: Engs, Ruth C. and David S. Anderson. The Code Manual: Using the code checklist for determining co-dependency among university students. Washington, DC: Campus alcohol consolations, 1987. Available at IUScholarWorks repository: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17418 Engs, Ruth C. Family Background of Alcohol Abuse and Its Relationship to Alcohol Consumption among College Students: Unexpected Finding. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 51, No. 6: 1990. Available at IUScholarWorks repository: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17453 Papers: Engs, Ruth C. "Relationship between co-dependency and drinking problems: A negative result," AAHPER, Boston, MA, April 23, 1989. Available at IUScholarWorks repository at:http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17298 adapted from family background article The CODE: A short questionnaire for identifying co-dependency among university students, 35th International Congress on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Oslo, Norway, July 31 - August 6, 1988. Available at IUScholarWorks repository:http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17419 Co-dependency check list: A tool for prevention, intervention and treatment, Seventh International Conference on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse, ICAA, Liverpool, England, April 6, 1987