Assessment for Learning: Using formative assessment in problem - and project-based learning

Abstract

Problem-based learning (PBL) and project-based science (PBS) are increasingly popular approaches for engaging students in scientific inquiry. Though these approaches have different origins, they are similar in practice. Both PBL and PBS are centered on authentic problems or meaningful questions that serve to organize learning. Both are student-oriented and experiential- students solve a problem by practically applying science concepts (Hmelo-Silver 2004).