Youth Empowerment Using the Arts: An Indicative Theoretical Model for Practitioners

Abstract

This thesis proposes a comprehensive model for fostering youth empowerment through the arts. A viable working model is urgently needed since many current research reports appear to be case studies or articles describing specific programs and lacking the adequate methodology and documentation necessary to render these studies verifiable and replicable by other researchers. In addition, the absence of consensus regarding program objectives and outcomes hinders meaningful discourse among researchers and practitioners. By identifying knowledge gaps in research on arts-based approaches to youth empowerment, this thesis provides a valuable starting point for professionals as they develop desired objectives for their programs and design activities for achieving programmatic goals. The methodology of this thesis harnesses techniques of meta- analysis and grounded theory to construct a definition of youth empowerment that is currently operative in the field. Patterns observed in programs implemented to-date are noted, including art forms mobilized, duration and location of programs, participant demographics, and evaluation methods. References made to researchers’ work and findings are synthesized to summarize and critique the theoretical framework currently in use. The proposed model detailed in this thesis is grounded in current practices, which are outlined and summarized in the study. It focuses on developing four attributes that enable the individual to empower him or herself: competence, consciousness, self-efficacy, and positive connections. Competence encompasses skills including communication, critical thinking, and the ability to self-heal. Consciousness entails the motivation for community involvement and awareness of social justice issues, and self-efficacy is present in parallel with having a positive sense of identity. The resulting ongoing empowerment of self and others promotes the linkage of taking action and resilience. This study includes practical guidelines along with theoretical references to help practitioners design the most effective programs, contributing to demonstrable and lasting outcomes.