Articles (Media School)
Permanent link for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/2022/20422
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Item Fields and Facebook: Ta’ayush’s Grassroots Activism and Archiving the Peace that Will Have Come in Israel/Palestine(Cogitatio, 2016) Simons, JonIsraeli peace activism has increasingly taken place on new media, as in the case of the grassroots anti-Occupation group, Ta’ayush. What is the significance of Ta’ayush’s work on the ground and online for peace? This article considers the former in the light of social movement scholarship on peacebuilding, and the latter in light of new media scholar-ship on social movements. Each of those approaches suggest that Ta’ayush has very limited success in achieving its strategic goals or generating outrage about the Occupation in the virtual/public sphere. Yet, Ta’ayush’s apparent “fail-ure” according to standard criteria of success misses the significance of Ta’ayush’s work. Its combination of grassroots activism and online documentation of its work in confronting the Occupation in partnership with Palestinians has as-sembled an impressive archive. Through the lens of Walter Benjamin’s philosophy of history, Ta’ayush can be seen to enact a “future perfect” peace that will have come.Item Encoding Systems and Evolved Message Processing: Pictures Enable Action, Words Enable Thinking(Cogitatio (Lisbon, Portugal), 2015-09) Lang, Annie; Bailey, Rachel L.; Connolly, Sean RyanThis paper, based on theories of ecological perception, embodied motivated cognition, and evolutionary psychology, proposes that pictures elicit evolved biologically imperative responses more quickly and thoroughly than do words. These biologically imperative responses are directly responsible for evolved automatic reactions away from biological threats (e.g. escaping predators, avoiding disease and noxious stimuli) and towards opportunities (e.g. consuming food, approaching mates, finding shelter) in the environment. When elicited, these responses take time to occur and may delay or interfere with other types of behavior. Thus, when environmental information is presented in pictures (which should elicit larger biological responses than words) biological responses should interfere more with higher order tasks like information processing and cognitive decision-making. To test this proposition we designed an experiment in which participants performed speeded categorizations of 60 pairs of matched pleasant and unpleasant environmental opportunities and threats. They categorized the items based on their form (is this a word or a picture?) or based on how the picture made them feel (is this pleasant or unpleasant to you?). If pictures do elicit greater biologically imperative responses than their word counterparts, participants should be able to make form decisions faster than feeling decisions, especially when presented with words rather than pictures and especially when the words and pictures have less biological relevance. This main proposition was supported. Implications for this proposition in terms of communication theory are discussed.Item The Media Logic of Media Work(Marquette, 2009) Deuze, MarkCulture creation is quickly becoming the core industrial (and individual) activity in the globally emerging cultural economy. This process gets amplified through the increasing conglomeration of media corporations, as well as the widespread diffusion of information and communication technologies. This paper combines insights from research on (professional and amateur) media production from disciplines as varied as institutional sociology, organizational psychology, cultural economy, management, media studies and economic geography to present a review of trends, developments and values co-determining media work. The concept of media logic is used as a mapping tool, articulating contemporary institutional, technological, organizational, and cultural trends as they co-determine media work. This hermeneutic analysis identifies principal components of work styles in the media production industries across disciplines and genres, including journalism, advertising, film and television, and digital game development.Item Knowledge acquisition gaps: A comparison of print versus online news sources(Sage Publications, 2011-12) Grabe, Maria Elizabeth; Yang, JungAeThis experimental study tested the knowledge gap hypothesis at the intersection of audience education levels and news formats (newspaper versus online). The findings reveal a gap in public affairs knowledge acquisition between South Korean citizens (N=123) from different educational backgrounds. Moreover, the high education group comprehended news with the same level of efficiency across online and newspaper formats while low education participants gained more knowledge from reading a newspaper than using the online news source. Taken together, this study’s findings confirm the knowledge gap hypothesis through experimental research and offer evidence of its potential contribution to the digital divide.Item Covering presidential election campaigns: Does reporter gender affect the work lives of correspondents and their reportage?(Taylor and Francis, 2011-09-07) Yegiyan, Narine S.; Zelankauskiate, Asta; Samson, Lelia; Grabe, Maria ElizabethThis study shows that men and women network news correspondents differed in how they covered four presidential elections (1992 - 2004). There were fewer women than men reporters involved in election coverage but on average women reported more stories than men and were tonally tougher watchdogs than men. In terms of framing candidates, male reporters were strongly associated with a masculine approach that emphasizes the competitiveness of campaigns. By contrast, women correspondents employed both more feminine and gender- neutral frames than their male colleagues. These content analysis findings were interpreted against the backdrop of information derived from in-depth interviews with five women reporters who appeared in the sampled content.Item Sexual cues emanating from the anchorette chair: Implications for perceived professionalism, fitness for beat, and memory for news(Sage Publications, 2011-08) Samson, Lelia; Grabe, Maria ElizabethThe experimental study reported here employed one of the most compelling visual cues of female sexual attractiveness (low waist-to-hip ratio) to test news anchor sexualization influences on audience evaluations of her as a professional and memory for the news that she presents. Close to four hundred subjects (N=390) participated in this between subjects study. The data reveal variance in professional assessments and memory outcomes across sexualized versus unsexualized embodiments of the female anchor. Moreover, male and female participants varied in their responses. Conclusions are drawn in line with evolutionary psychology expectations of men’s cognitive susceptibility to visual sex cues--here to the detriment of forming memory for news content.Item Vida Midiática [Media Life](Edifício da Antiga Reitoria, 2010-09) Blank, Peter; Speers, Laura; Deuze, Mark[Article is translated into Portuguese]. Research since the early years of the 21st century consistently shows how through the years more of our time gets spent using media, how being concurrently exposed to media has become a foundational feature of everyday life, and that consuming media for most people increasingly takes place alongside producing media. Contemporary media devices, what people do with them, and how all of this fits in the organization of our everyday life disrupt and unsettle well-established views of the role media play in society. Instead of continuing to wrestle with a distinction between media and society, this contribution proposes we begin our thinking with a view of life not lived with media, but in media. The media life perspective starts from the realization that the whole of the world and our lived experience in it can be seen as framed by, mitigated through, and made immediate by (immersive, integrated, ubiquitous and pervasive) media. In this presentation, the media life perspective is developed by correlating the claims of contemporary social theory with recent reports on media use among teenagers around the world.Item The Unknown "Great Debates"(1968) Seltz, Herbert A.; Yoakam, Richard D.Item Stage to Television: The Advocate(1964) Seltz, Herbert A.Item Acknowledged Goods: Cultural Studies and the Politics of Academic Journal Publishing(Taylor & Francis, 2010-03) Striphas, TedThis essay explores the changing context of academic journal publishing and cultural studies' envelopment within it. It does so by exploring five major trends affecting scholarly communication today: alienation, proliferation, consolidation, pricing, and digitization. More specifically, it investigates how recent changes in the political economy of academic journal publishing have impinged on cultural studies' capacity to transmit the knowledge it produces, thereby dampening the field's political potential. It also reflects on how cultural studies' alienation from the conditions of its production has resulted in the field's growing involvement with interests that are at odds with its political proclivities.Item The web and its journalisms: considering the consequences of different types of newsmedia online(SAGE Publications, 2003) Deuze, MarkThe internet – specifically its graphic interface, the world wide web – has had a major impact on all levels of (information) societies throughout the world. Specifically for journalism as it is practiced online, we can now identify the effect that this has had on the profession and its culture(s). This article defines four particular types of online journalism and discusses them in terms of key characteristics of online publishing – hypertextuality, interactivity, multimediality – and considers the current and potential impacts that these online journalisms can have on the ways in which one can define journalism as it functions in elective democracies worldwide. It is argued that the application of particular online characteristics not only has consequences for the type of journalism produced on the web, but that these characteristics and online journalisms indeed connect to broader and more profound changes and redefinitions of professional journalism and its (news) culture as a whole.Item Item Network Journalism: Converging Competences of Media Professionals and Professionalism(JEA, 2001) Deuze, Mark; Bardoel, JoThe impact of the Internet and other new information- and communication technologies on the profession of journalism should not be underestimated. The Internet is changing the profession of journalism in at least three ways: it has the potential to make the journalist as an intermediary force in democracy superfluous (Bardoel, 1996); it offers the media professional a vast array of resources and sheer endless technological possibilities to work with (Quinn, 1998; Pavlik, 1999); and it creates its own type of journalism on the Net: so-called digital or rather: online journalism (Singer, 1998; Deuze, 1999). This paper will take the developments in journalism on the Internet as the starting point for a discussion about the changing face of journalism in general. The key characteristics of journalism on the Net - convergence, interactivity, customisation of content and hypertextuality - put together with the widespread use and availability of new technological ‘tools of the trade’ are putting all genres and types of journalism to the test. The outcome seems to suggest a turn towards what the authors of this article call 'network journalism’; the convergence between the core competences and functions of journalists and the civic potential of online journalism.Item Participation, Remediation, Bricolage: Considering Principal Components of a Digital Culture(Taylor & Francis, 2006) Deuze, MarkWithin media theory the worldwide shift from a 19th century print culture via a 20th century electronic culture to a 21st century digital culture is well documented. In this essay the emergence of a digital culture as amplified and accelerated by the popularity of networked computers, multiple-user software and Internet is investigated in terms of its principal components. A digital culture as an undetermined praxis is conceptualized as consisting of participation, remediation and bricolage. Using the literature on presumably ‘typical’ Internet phenomena such as the worldwide proliferation of Independent Media Centres (Indymedia) linked with (radical) online journalism practices and the popularity of (individual and group) weblogging, the various meanings and implications of this particular understanding of digital culture are explored. In the context of this essay digital culture can be seen as an emerging set of values, practices and expectations regarding the way people (should) act and interact within the contemporary network society. This digital culture has emergent properties with roots both in online and offline phenomena, with links to trends and developments pre-dating the World Wide Web, yet having an immediate impact and particularly changing the ways in which we use and give meaning to living in an increasingly interconnected, always on(line) environment.