IUSB Department of Political Science faculty publications and conference presentations
Permanent link for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/2022/19832
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Item Practice and Theory: The Diffusion of State Legislative Budget Reform(Midwest Public Affairs Conference, 2021-12) Jang, Sungkyu; Eger, Robert J., 1960-; Park, Sung-JinWe question why some state legislatures responded to public discourse promptly while other state legislatures resist change. We use the choice of performance-based budgeting (PBB) to set the stage in answering this compelling question. We employ a logit model as a discrete event history analysis (EHA). We use the EHA to determine how and what variables influence the probability of an organization’s qualitative change (or “event”) at a given point in time. In this study, the organizations are states, and the event to be analyzed is the enactment of PBB law. Our data set is a modified panel of 50 states between the years 1993 and 2008. We study the factors that would influence state legislators to pass PBB laws across the nation. While our empirical result shows that political preferences are not statistically significant factors for states to pass PBB law, state legislators seem to favor the factors associated with the financial management explanation to adopt PBB. Also, the factors of path dependence and mimicking influence states to adopt PBB. Keywords: Performance-Based Budgeting, Event History Analysis, Budgetary Rule ChoiceItem An Exploratory Survey of Money Boys and HIV Transmission Risk in Jilin Province, PR China(BMC, 2010) Meng, Xiangdong; Anderson, Allen F.This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge. In spite of this level of knowledge, none of the participants reported always using a condom in their sexual activities. They also exhibited a high level of awareness of voluntary counseling and testing available in the province, yet relatively few had availed themselves of these services. These preliminary findings will be used as a baseline and springboard for continuing study in the Jilin Province money boy community. Even now, however, it is becoming clear that the dynamics of male commercial sex work may vary greatly depending upon local influences, and will necessitate that future interventions are highly tailored to area-specific circumstances.Item Corporatism Reconsidered: Howard J. Wiarda’s Legacy(University of Chicago Press, 2018-10) Chen, LindaThis article takes stock of Howard J. Wiarda’s contributions to the concept of corporatism. In 1973, Wiarda published a seminal article in World Politics, titled “Toward a Frame-work for the Study of Political Change in the Iberic-Latin Tradition: The Corporative Model,” that laid out his theory of corporatism in the Latin American context. In it, he argued for a theory of corporatism that focused on the intellectual and cultural roots of the concept. He argued that corporatism provided a more historically grounded framework for understanding Latin American political change than modernization theory. This essay asks: In what ways did Wiarda lay claim to a distinctive Latin American variety of corporatism? What implications did this have for an understanding of Latin American politics? Finally, how have his claims about corporatism held up over time? Keywords: corporatism, neo-corporatism, Latin America, Howard J. Wiarda, political cultureItem Tax Farming: The Effects of Contracting Out Delinquent Tax Collection on Tax Collection Performances in County Governments in the U.S.(Korean Association of Government Studies, 2019-09-30) Jang, Sungkyu; Youm, JisumIs contracting out a county’s delinquent tax collection more efficient than making public employees responsible for it? Based on the public choice theory, existing literature on the history of tax farming, and the theory of agency, we hypothesize that contracting out a county’s delinquent tax collection is likely to increase tax collection efficiency. To test our hypotheses, a pooled cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the merged data of 345 counties in the United States from 1997 and 2002. The empirical results show that outsourcing a county’s delinquent tax collection statistically reduces property tax revenue per dollar of financial management expenditure. The outsourcing also reduces the total tax revenue per dollar of financial management expenditure, but not at a statistically significant level. These findings raise t he question of why county governments use private debt collectors even though outsourcing delinquent taxes is not efficient from a financial perspective. Key Words: Outsourcing Tax Collecting, Tax Farming, Local Governments, Financial PerformanceItem Corporate Citizens and Democratic Practice.(Indiana Political Science Association, 2019-06) Gerencser, Steven Anthony, 1963-Yet what are corporations doing and what are the political effects when they claim such the sorts of identity and agency of super citizens and excellent neighbors who persevere in striving on behalf of their communities? Below I examine such questions as well as examine the effects of these rhetorical strategies in masking exercises of power even while emphasizing their responsible actions as good citizens. This entails examining the concept of corporate citizenship, the increasingly common concept by which both scholars and practitioners characterize the social activities that corporations undertake locally and globally. This paper does not focus upon the explicitly political activities of corporations such as lobbying or the newly unleashed capacities to participate in campaigns; rather it considers the political implications of the set of social activities commonly associated with corporate citizenship.Item Persuasion and Coercion in the Clientelistic Exchange: A Survey of Four Argentine Provinces(Journal of Politics in Latin America, 2018) Lisoni, Carlos MarianoAbstract: How do political parties guarantee enforcement of a clientelistic exchange? This research note empirically supports a catalog of clientelism compliance enforcement tactics. It also suggests that by focusing on the personalization of tactics and the constraints they place on individual voters, we can evaluate how intrusive these tactics are and further help to bridge existing instrumentalist and reciprocity theories of client compliance. The supporting evidence comes from interviews carried out with 73 elected Argentine local and provincial officials. How persuasive or coercive the tactics need to be to make clients comply with their part of the bargain has implications for our understanding of the legitimacy of the clientelistic bondage and our assessment of the roles of patrons and brokers in such exchanges.Item Cheap, But Still Not Effective: An Experiment Showing that Indiana’s Online Registration System Fails to Make Email an Effective Way to Register New Voters(The Indiana Journal of Political Science, 2014) Bennion, Elizabeth; Nickerson, DavidWe conducted a randomized voter registration field experiment including 7,366 trackable students at a public Indiana university. Consistent with prior research, we found no effect from emails linking students to traditional downloadable forms. Contrary to our hypothesis, Indiana’s new online voter registration system did not boost the effectiveness of email outreach in generating new registrations.