IUSB College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
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Item 11:20's Two Big Hemispheres(The Laurel Review, 2019-03-15) Lee, David DoddItem A Dynamical Study of the Non-Star Forming Translucent Molecular Cloud MBM16: Evidence for Shear Driven Turbulence in the Interstellar Medium(IOP Publishing, 1998-09) LaRosa, Theodore N.; Shore, Steven N.; Magnani, Loris AlbertoWe present the results of a velocity correlation study of the high latitude cloud MBM16 using a fully sampled 12CO map, supplemented by new 13CO data. We find a correlation length of 0.4 pc. This is similar in size to the formaldehyde clumps described in our previous study. We associate this correlated motion with coherent structures within the turbulent flow. Such structures are generated by free shear flows. Their presence in this non-star forming cloud indicates that kinetic energy is being supplied to the internal turbulence by an external shear flow. Such large scale driving over long times is a possible solution to the dissipation problem for molecular cloud turbulence.Item A Foot Rub(The Apple Valley Review, 2019-10) Chaney, Joseph R. (Joseph Raymond)Item A General Framework of Automorphic Inflation(Springer Verlag [Commercial Publisher], 2016-05-24) Schimmrigk, RolfAutomorphic inflation is an application of the framework of automorphic scalar field theory, based on the theory of automorphic forms and representations. In this paper the general framework of automorphic and modular inflation is described in some detail, with emphasis on the resulting stratification of the space of scalar field theories in terms of the group theoretic data associated to the shift symmetry, as well as the automorphic data that specifies the potential. The class of theories based on Eisenstein series provides a natural generalization of the model of j-inflation considered previously.Item A Generalization of Moufang and Steiner Loops(Springer, 2001-11) Kinyon, Michael; Kunen, Kenneth; Phillips, Jon D.We study a variety of loops, RIF, which arise naturally from considering inner mapping groups, and a somewhat larger variety, ARIF. All Steiner and Moufang loops are RIF, and all flexible C-loops are ARIF. All ARIF loops are diassociative.Item A modularity test for elliptic mirror symmetry(Physics Letters B, 2007) Schimmrigk, RolfIn this Letter a previously initiated program to construct space from modular forms on the string worldsheet is applied to mirror symmetry. Predictions of an algebraic mirror construction are confirmed for elliptic curves of Brieskorn–Pham type by showing that the string theoretic modular forms associated to the Hasse–Weil L-series of mirror pairs of such curves are identical.Item A Search for Periodicities in the 8B Solar Neutrino Flux Measured by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory(American Physical Society, 2005-10) Levine, IlanA search has been made for sinusoidal periodic variations in the 8B solar neutrino flux using data collected by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory over a 4-year time interval. The variation at a period of one year is consistent with modulation of the 8B neutrino flux by the Earth’s orbital eccentricity. No significant sinusoidal periodicities are found with periods between 1 day and 10 years with either an unbinned maximum likelihood analysis or a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis. The data are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the results of the recent analysis by Sturrock et al., based on elastic scattering events in Super-Kamiokande, can be attributed to a 7% sinusoidal modulation of the total 8B neutrino flux.Item A Socialist Horizon: Crisis, Hegemony, and the Promise of a New Party(North Meridian Review, 2019-08) Balthaser, BenjaminUnlike the social movements of the last decades that have focused on creating decentralized networks, unencumbered by unifying demands or an articulated base, the DSA is a class-focused organization that is intent on both engaging state power through elections as well as placing concrete demands on the state for large social policy transformations through grassroots campaigns, such as Medicare for All and the Green New Deal. As a writer and activist who came of age during the affinity groups and consensus-decision making of the Global Justice Movement, this realignment not only toward socialism but to a socialist organization is perhaps the most dramatic historical rupture I've witnessed in my timeItem Above and Beyond: An Exploratory Study of Breast ancer Patient Accounts of Healthcare Provider Information-giving Practices and Informational Support(PAGEPress, 2018) Meluch, Andrea L., 1988--giving practices. Twenty-two women diagnosed with breast cancer participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews designed to understand their experiences receiving supportive information from healthcare providers (e.g., oncologists, surgeons, nurse practitioners). Participants’ accounts suggest that providers who spend extensive time discussing cancer-related information and who explain that information thoroughly so that patients can understand their medical situation, are communicating informational support in contrast to merely presenting factual information related to cancer diagnosis and treatments. Participant accounts further suggest that the supportive nature of provider information-giving practices results from message framing, or the provider’s metacommunication.Item Activation of Brian Attention Systems in Individuals with Symptoms of ADHD(Hindawi, 2007) Rodriguez, P. Dennis; Baylis, Gordon C.Previous research investigating attention and impulse control in individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has largely ignored the symptomatic differences among the three subtypes of ADHD: ADHD-Inattentive Type, ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive Type, and ADHD-Combined Type. The present study examined attention and impulse control by focusing on these subtypes. Based on their self-reported symptoms of ADHD, participants belonged to one of four groups: ADHD-Inattentive, ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive, ADHD-Combined, and control. Cortical activity was recorded from participants during performance of a Go/NoGo task. The event-related potentials (ERP) measured at frontal and posterior sites discriminated between the control group and participants with symptoms of ADHD. The control group consistently exhibited a higher P3 amplitude than all the ADHD groups. The main difference occurred at the frontal site, indicating that individuals with ADHD symptoms have deficits in the anterior attentional system, which mediates signal detection. Behavioral measures of signal sensitivity revealed that the ADHD-Inattentive and the ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive groups had more difficulty with the attention-demanding Go/NoGo respond-to-target task, while behavioral measures of response bias indicated that the ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive and the ADHD-Combined groups responded more liberally in the inhibition-demanding Go/NoGo suppress-to-target task.Item An Exploratory Survey of Money Boys and HIV Transmission Risk in Jilin Province, PR China(BMC, 2010) Meng, Xiangdong; Anderson, Allen F.This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge. In spite of this level of knowledge, none of the participants reported always using a condom in their sexual activities. They also exhibited a high level of awareness of voluntary counseling and testing available in the province, yet relatively few had availed themselves of these services. These preliminary findings will be used as a baseline and springboard for continuing study in the Jilin Province money boy community. Even now, however, it is becoming clear that the dynamics of male commercial sex work may vary greatly depending upon local influences, and will necessitate that future interventions are highly tailored to area-specific circumstances.Item “And can this be my own world?”: A Contact Dream with Kathryn Davis’s Duplex(The Cincinati Review, 2019) Parker Ervick, KelceyA book review of Kathryn Davis' novel, DuplexItem Archimedean Closed Lattice-Ordered Groups(Rocky Mountain Mathematics Consortium, 2004-06) Chen, Yuanqian; Conrad, Paul; Darnel, Michael R., 1952-We show that, if an abelian lattice-ordered group is archimedean closed, then each principal l-ideal is also archimedean closed. This has given a positive answer to the question raised in 1965 and hence proved that the class of abelian archimedean closed lattice-ordered groups is a radical class. We also provide some conditions for lattice-ordered group F(Δ,R) to be the unique archimedean closure of Σ (Δ,R).Item Archvillin, a muscle-specific isoform of supervillin, is an early expressed component of the costameric membrane skeleton(The Company of Biologists, 2003-02) Oh, Sang W.; Pope, Robert K.; Smith, Kelly P.; Crowley, Jessica L.; Nebl, Thomas; Lawrence, Jeanne B.; Luna, Elizabeth J.The membrane skeleton protein supervillin binds tightly to both F-actin and membranes and can potentiate androgen receptor activity in non-muscle cells. We report that muscle, which constitutes the principal tissue source for supervillin sequences, contains a ~250 kDa isoform of supervillin that localizes within nuclei and with dystrophin at costameres, regions of F-actin membrane attachment in skeletal muscle. The gene encoding this protein, ‘archvillin’ (Latin, archi; Greek, árchos; ‘principal’ or ‘chief’), contains an evolutionarily conserved, muscle-specific 5¢ leader sequence. Archvillin cDNAs also contain four exons that encode ~47 kDa of additional muscle-specific protein sequence in the form of two inserts within the function-rich N-terminus of supervillin. The first of these muscle-specific inserts contains two conserved nuclear targeting signals in addition to those found in sequences shared with supervillin. Archvillin, like supervillin, binds directly to radiolabeled F-actin and co-fractionates with plasma membranes. Colocalization of archvillin with membraneassociated actin filaments, non-muscle myosin II, and – to a lesser extent – vinculin was observed in myoblasts. Striking localizations of archvillin protein and mRNA were observed at the tips of differentiating myotubes. Transfected protein chimeras containing archvillin insert sequences inhibited myotube formation, consistent with a dominant-negative effect during early myogenesis. These data suggest that archvillin is among the first costameric proteins to assemble during myogenesis and that it contributes to myogenic membrane structure and differentiation. Keywords: Costamere, Sarcolemma, Membrane skeleton, C2C12 cells, 50MB-1 cellsItem Bayesian Adaptive Designs for Clinical Trials(BMC Medicine, 2018) Cheng, Yi; Shen, YuA Bayesian adaptive design is proposed for a comparative two-armed clinical trial using decision theoretical approaches. A loss function is specified to consider the costfor each patient, and the costs of making incorrect decisions at the end of a trial. At each interim analysis, the decision to terminate or to continue the trial is based on the expected loss function while concurrently incorporating efficacy, futility and cost. The maximum number of interim analyses is not pre-fixed but decided adaptively by the observed data. We derive explicit connections between the loss function and the frequentist error rates, so that the desired frequentist properties can be maintained for regulatory settings. The operating characteristics of the design are able to be evaluated on frequentist grounds. Extensive simulations are carried out to compare the proposed design with existing ones. The design is general enough to accommodate both continuous and discrete types of data. We illustrate the methods with an animal study evaluating a medical treatment for cardiac arrest. Keywords: adaptive designs; Decision theory; Group sequential clinical trials; Loss function; Martingale convergence theorem.Item Beijing(Shark Reef, 2019-01) Chaney, Joseph R. (Joseph Raymond)Item Bernstein Polynomial Model for Nonparametric Multivariate Density(Taylor and Francis, 2019) Wang, Tao; Guan, ZhongIn this paper, we study the Bernstein polynomial model for estimating the multivariate distribution functions and densities with bounded support. As a mixture model of multivariate beta distributions, the maximum (approximate) likelihood estimate can be obtained using EM algorithm. A change-point method of choosing optimal degrees of the proposed Bernstein polynomial model is presented. Under some conditions, the optimal rate of convergence in the mean -divergence of new density estimator is shown to be nearly parametric. The method is illustrated by an application to a real data set. Finite sample performance of the proposed method is also investigated by simulation study and is shown to be much better than the kernel density estimate but close to the parametric ones. Keywords: Approximate Bernstein polynomial model; beta mixture; maximum likelihood; multivariate density estimation; nonparametric modelItem Big Physics At Small Places: The Mongol Horde Model Of Undergraduate Research(Clute Institute [Commercial Publisher], 2008-02) Voss, Philip J.; Finck, Joseph E.; Howes, Ruth H.; Brown, James; Baumann, Thomas; Schiller, Andreas; Thoennessen, Michael; DeYoung, Paul. A.; Peaslee, Graham F.; Hinnefeld, Jerry; Luther, Bryan; Pancella, Paul V.; Rogers, Warren F.A model for engaging undergraduates in cutting-edge experimental nuclear physics research at a national user facility is discussed. Methods to involve students and examples of their success are presented.Item Blood Pressure in the Greenland Shark as Estimated from Ventral Aortic Elasticity(Journal of Experimental Biology, 2018) Shadwick, Robert E.; Bernal, Diego; Bushnell, Peter G. (Peter Gerald); Steffensen, John F.We conducted in vitro inflations of freshly excised ventral aortas of the Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus, and used pressure– diameter data to estimate the point of transition from high to low compliance, which has been shown to occur at the mean blood pressure in other vertebrates including fishes. We also determined the pressure at which the modulus of elasticity of the aorta reached 0.4 MPa, as occurs at the compliance transition in other species. From these analyses, we predict the average ventral aortic blood pressure in S. microcephalus to be about 2.3–2.8 kPa, much lower than reported for other sharks. Our results support the idea that this species is slow moving and has a relatively low aerobic metabolism. Histological investigation of the ventral aorta showsthat elastic fibres are present in relatively low abundance and loosely connected, consistent with this aorta having high compliance at a relatively low blood pressure.Item Book Review: Beyond Political Correctness: Remapping German Sensibilities in the 21st Century(M/MLA: The Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association) Luppes, JeffreyA review of the book Beyond Political Correctness: Remapping German Sensibilities in the 21st Century, edited by Christine Anton and Frank Pilipp, and published by Rodopi in 2010.