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Permanent link for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/2022/3196

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Karst of the Belfast and Sugar Tree Ridge 7.5-minute quadrangles, Ohio
(Ohio Department of Natural Resources, 2016) Aden, Douglas J.
Karst terrain forms by dissolution of carbonate rocks, such as limestone or dolostone, or evaporites, such as gypsum or salt, and is characterized by features including sinkholes, disappearing streams, caves, and springs. Sinkholes (or sinks) are enclosed depressions that do not usually hold water and often have a “throat” or opening at the bottom that drains to the subsurface. A stream that flows into a sinkhole is known as a disappearing stream or losing stream. Water flowing into the ground can cause solution enlargement of natural fractures in the rock; these fractures eventually can grow into caves. The Ohio Revised Code defines a cave as “…a naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnecting passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge…” (State of Ohio, 1989). When water exits these solutional features, a spring is formed. Passageways formed in karst terrain allow for high connectivity between the land surface and the water table. These passageways permit water to bypass soil and rock layers that can filter contaminants. Consequently, when compounds such as fertilizers, pesticides, and waste enter sinkholes, they are rapidly transported to the water table and can quickly pollute water wells, streams, springs, and rivers. Karst features may pose infrastructure complications; roads, utilities, houses, and other facilities built in karst areas are at risk of subsidence, collapse, or other damage. In order to provide a reference for future planning on both the local and regional scale, the Ohio Geological Survey has produced this map book identifying the known and suspected karst areas in the vicinity of Belfast, Ohio (fig. 1). This effort is among several other karst mapping projects (fig. 1) undertaken by the Ohio Geological Survey in recent years to document karst terrain throughout Ohio.
Karst of the Bellevue quadrangle and portions of the Clyde and Castalia quadrangles, Ohio
(ODNR Division of Geological Survey, 2013) Aden, D. J.
Karst terrain forms by dissolution of carbonate rocks, such as limestone or dolomite, or evaporites, such as gypsum or salt, and is characterized by features including sinkholes, disappearing streams, caves, and springs. Sinkholes (or sinks) are enclosed depressions that do not usually hold water; they often have a “throat” or opening at the bottom where they drain to the subsurface. When a stream flows into a sinkhole, it is known as a disappearing stream or losing stream. Water flowing into the ground can cause solution enlargement of natural fractures in the rock and eventually can grow into caves. In Ohio, a cave is defined as “…a naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnecting passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge…” (State of Ohio, 1989). The many passageways formed in karst terrain allow for high connectivity between the land surface and the water table. These passageways permit water to bypass soil and rock layers that filter out contaminants. Consequently, when compounds such as fertilizers, pesticides, and waste enter sinkholes, they are rapidly transported to the water table and quickly pollute water wells, streams, and rivers. When water exits these solutional features, a spring is formed. Such springs enable release of these contaminants at the surface. The different types of karst features may pose infrastructure complications; roads, utilities, houses, and other facilities built in karst areas are at risk of subsidence, collapse, or other damage. In order to provide a reference for future planning on both the local and regional scale, the Ohio Geological Survey has produced this map book identifying the known and suspected karst areas in the vicinity of Bellevue, Ohio. References State of Ohio, 1989, Ohio Revised Code 1517.21 Cave definitions, in chap. 1517 of Title 15 Conservation of Natural Resources: State of Ohio, Ohio Revised Code, accessible at .
Karst of the Fireside quadrangle and portions of the Flat Rock and Clyde quadrangles, Ohio
(Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, 2014) Aden, D. J.; Martin, D. R.
Karst terrain forms by dissolution of carbonate rocks, such as limestone or dolomite, or evaporites, such as gypsum or salt, and is characterized by features including sinkholes, disappearing streams, caves, and springs. Sinkholes (or sinks) are enclosed depressions that do not usually hold water; they often have a “throat” or opening at the bottom where they drain to the subsurface. When a stream flows into a sinkhole, it is known as a disappearing stream or losing stream. Water flowing into the ground can cause solution enlargement of natural fractures in the rock and eventually can grow into caves. In Ohio, a cave is defined as “…a naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnecting passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge…” The many passageways formed in karst terrain allow for high connectivity between the land surface and the water table. These passageways permit water to bypass soil and rock layers that filter out contaminants. Consequently, when compounds such as fertilizers, pesticides, and waste enter sinkholes, they are rapidly transported to the water table and quickly pollute water wells, streams, and rivers. When water exits these solutional features, a spring is formed. Such springs enable release of these contaminants at the surface. The different types of karst features may pose infrastructure complications; roads, utilities, houses, and other facilities built in karst areas are at risk of subsidence, collapse, or other damage. In order to provide a reference for future planning on both the local and regional scale, the Ohio Geological Survey has produced this map book identifying the known and suspected karst areas in the vicinity of Bellevue, Ohio, including portions of Erie, Huron, Sandusky, and Seneca Counties.
Karst of the Hillsboro, New Market, New Vienna, and Leesburg quadrangles, Ohio
(Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, 2015) Aden, D. J.; Martin, D. R.
Karst terrain forms by dissolution of carbonate rocks, such as limestone or dolomite, or evaporites, such as gypsum or salt, and is characterized by features including sinkholes, disappearing streams, caves, and springs. Sinkholes (or sinks) are enclosed depressions that do not usually hold water; they often have a “throat” or opening at the bottom where they drain to the subsurface. When a stream flows into a sinkhole, it is known as a disappearing stream or losing stream. Water flowing into the ground can cause solution enlargement of natural fractures in the rock and eventually can grow into caves. The Ohio Revised Code defines a cave as “…a naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnecting passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge…” (State of Ohio, 1989). The many passageways formed in karst terrain allow for high connectivity between the land surface and the water table. These passageways permit water to bypass soil and rock layers that filter out contaminants. Consequently, when compounds such as fertilizers, pesticides, and waste enter sinkholes, they are rapidly transported to the water table and quickly pollute water wells, streams, and rivers. When water exits these solutional features, a spring is formed. Such springs enable release of these contaminants at the surface. The different types of karst features may pose infrastructure complications; roads, utilities, houses, and other facilities built in karst areas are at risk of subsidence, collapse, or other damage. In order to provide a reference for future planning on both the local and regional scale, the Ohio Geological Survey has produced this map book identifying the known and suspected karst areas in the vicinity of Hillsboro, Ohio.
Three-Dimensional Surficial Geology of the Milan Quadrangle, Erie and Huron Counties, Ohio
(Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, 2014) Pavey, Richard R
The Central Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition (now the Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition or GLGMC) was formed in the late 1990s between the USGS and a network of state geological surveys which border the Great Lakes. The GLGMC was tasked with creating innovative three-dimensional (3-D) mapping, models, and other means for displaying the complex near-surface geology common to these states. These 3-D products, along with associated databases could be used to assist decision-makers on projects including geologic hazards, groundwater, mineral industries, and land usage. The Milan 7.5-minute quadrangle (Erie and Huron Counties) in north-central Ohio was chosen as one of the pilot projects for this program. The Milan quadrangle is transitional in origin and includes glacio-lacustrine, shoreline, alluvial, and glacial processes making for extremely complex series of depositional environments. A number of data sources including water well log data, engineering boring logs, NRCS soil surveys, theses, and prior reports were used to compile a series of maps using ESRI ARC-GIS tools. Each identified geologic unit or zone was identified and displayed as a discrete body. The origin, composition, and geomorphology of each body are thoroughly discussed herein. The entire sequence of overlapping units is represented as a geologic map and cross-section at scale of 1:24,000. The geologic map is accompanied by both a bedrock topography and drift thickness maps. A thick, elongated body of sand in the center of the mapping area was identified as a potentially important economic resource. A number of derivative maps were produced that include aquifer potential, aggregate potential, aquifer recharge, landfill suitability, and suitability for excavation and construction.

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