Browsing by Author "French, Robert R."

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Cement Raw Material Resources of Indiana
(Indiana Geological & Water Survey, 1975) Carr, Donald D.; French, Robert R.; Rooney, Lawrence Fredrich; Sunderman, Jack A.
Crushed Stone Aggregate Resources of Indiana
(Indiana Geological Survey, 1971) Carr, Donald D.; French, Robert R.; Ault, Curtis H.
Mineral aggregate is an aggregation of mineral material, such as crushed rock, expanded shale, perlite, sand and gravel, shells, or slag. It is sometimes bound with such material as cement or asphalt or is sometimes not bound for use as filter stone, flux stone, railroad ballast, riprap, or road metal. Crushed limestone and dolomite, sand and gravel, slag, perlite, and expanded shale are the main natural and fabricated aggregates currently used in Indiana. Some aggregate, such as sand and gravel, requires little or no processing and can be used almost as it is mined, but rock must be crushed and sorted into various desired sizes before it can be used. Many types of rocks can be used for crushed stone aggregate, but limestone and dolomite are used exclusively in Indiana (pl. 1). In this report crushed stone is synonymous with crushed limestone and dolomite. Each type of aggregate has a distinct advantage with respect to cost and availability or to a specific use for which one type is more suited than another. The advantages of crushed limestone and dolomite are that they can be crushed and sized to meet most specifications, the materials are clean and angular and bind well with cementing mixtures, a uniform lithologic composition can be maintained with little or no selective quarrying in many areas, and they are available at low cost in most counties in Indiana. Crushed stone is one of Indiana’s most important mineral commodities, ranking third in annual value behind coal and cement. During 1969 crushed stone production in Indiana totaled 25, 516,000 tons and was valued at $34,418,000.
Crushed Stone Resources of the Devonian and Silurian Carbonate Rocks of Indiana
(Indiana Geological Survey, 1967) French, Robert R.
Devonian and Silurian carbonate rocks exposed on the crest and flanks of the Cincinnati Arch provide most of the raw material for the crushed stone industry of Indiana. The present northwest-southeast structure has controlled the erosion of these strata, but earlier northeast-southwest structural trends apparently influenced deposition and erosion during much of Silurian time. Structural trends with similar northeast-southwest orientation have been noted in older rocks and are well expressed in Jasper and Cass Counties. Precise stratigraphic-correlation s in northern Indiana are hampered both by thick glacial overburden and by lack of diagnostic lithologic markers in some intervals. This is especially true of the economically important Niagaran reef facies which are now believed to be present in the Salamonie Dolomite and Louisville Limestone in addition to the well-documented Wabash Formation (Huntington Lithofacies) and possibly the Salina Formation. The crushed stone industry of Indiana produced 21, 635, 639 tons of material valued at $28, 219, 683 in 1964. More than 60 percent of this material was obtained from nine major rock units in the Devonian and Silurian Systems of northern and eastern Indiana. These strata have a wide range of chemical and physical properties which determine the uses of the crushed stone. Production statistics from 1959 through 1964 show that 72. 4 percent of the crushed stone is used in concrete and highway construction.
Gyspum Resources of Indiana
(Indiana Geological & Water Survey, 1969) French, Robert R.; Rooney, Lawrence Fredrich